(ORDO NEWS) — For astrophysicists, one Big Bang is not enough. They believe that the universe was finally “commissioned” only after the second Big Bang.
Let there be darkness!
It is not yet possible to understand what dark matter is and where it hides. Despite all the efforts and attempts of representatives of the best minds of mankind.
Dark matter is invisible – to traditional means of observation. But palpable. Due to its gravity.
Here is the misunderstanding that emerges: the visible matter of galaxies – stars, planets, asteroids, comets and dust – has one mass, but they behave – the same galaxies – as if they weigh many times more.
Almost 10 times. From this, the galaxies do not just scatter, but scatter with acceleration.
Actually, this gives astrophysicists reason to assume that there is some kind of dark matter. With its dark power and energy. They account for up to 95 percent of the universe.
Scientists from Princeton University (Princeton University) have not yet reached the essence of dark matter, but ventured to explain where it came from – so strange and unlike ordinary matter.
According to the understanding of the daredevils, ordinary – light matter, so to speak, and dark, were formed separately from each other.
That is, not in one go, but at least two – as a result of the second Big Bang, which soon followed the first.
Let me remind you that according to the beliefs held by most representatives of traditional science, the Universe appeared as a result of a single Big Bang. He boomed 13.8 billion years ago.
Then the so-called singularity – something unimaginably tiny and incredibly dense – suddenly “exploded”, expanded and swollen like yeast dough, only incomparably faster, and turned into the world around us.
Physicists believe that at the very beginning the Universe was almost liquid and incredibly hot – it was the so-called quark-gluon soup.
Some semblance of this exotic substance, consisting of elementary particles, is obtained in experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), by smashing protons to smithereens.
They assure that by doing so they allegedly “reproduce the conditions that existed in the first moments of the life of the Universe.”
Approximately 20 minutes later (in our representation of time), primary nucleosynthesis began in the expanding Universe – particles, colliding, began to gather into protons and neutrons.
That is, in visible matter. Allegedly, dark matter was also formed at the same time. True, it is not clear how and from what exactly. Which is not very convincing, to put it mildly.
Scientists led by Professor Katherine Freese presented another theoretical model, according to which dark matter arose and evolved independently of light matter.
And without any influence and influence on her part. A separate explosion spawned a mysterious substance – the Big Dark Bang, as it was called.
It struck about a month – or a little less than that – after the first one, having “stuffed” the already rather strongly expanded Universe with dark matter.
According to the authors of the work, their idea frees theorists from the need to constantly “look back” at ordinary matter, trying to find dark matter.
Scientists get the will to be much more diverse models than the current ones, commensurate them with observations, of course.
It seems that there is even an opportunity to test the theory of the Dark Big Bang. He must have raised a great storm in the fabric of space-time.
Special gravitational waves, caused by the second most powerful concussion, are still bound to walk around the Universe. The chances of finding them are quite real.
Space scale cannonade
Even before his colleagues at Princeton University, Dr. Hooman Davoudiasl, a theoretical physicist at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York, relied on the Second Big Bang. What he reported in the journal Physical Review Letters.
In addition to dark matter, the scientist dealt with an equally mysterious phenomenon – the so-called baryon asymmetry, as a result of which everything that exists, including us, appeared.
Let me explain. According to the theory, all material particles in the Universe have twins – antiparticles.
They are the same in mass, but do not consist of positively charged protons, neutral neutrons and negatively charged electrons, but of “negative” antiprotons and antineutrons (with opposite magnetic moment).
And instead of electrons, antiparticles have “positive” positrons.
At the time of the birth of the Universe – as a result of the Big Bang – dark and light matter, matter and antimatter should have been formed equally.
The emerging substances should immediately annihilate – that is, disappear with a flash of light. As a result – no universe.
However, it exists. And if so, then for some mysterious reason there is more matter than antimatter, and more dark matter than light. But why? Mystery…
Although, there is no absolute certainty that the substance prevails everywhere. In all corners of the universe.
Maybe somewhere there are so-called antiworlds, consisting of antimatter. Or worlds woven exclusively from dark matter. But this requires a separate explanation.
By the way
Einstein to himself: “Am I right or wrong?”
The first hypothesis about the Big Bang in 1922 was put forward by the Soviet mathematician Alexander Fridman – based on the solution of the equations of Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity.
The Belgian Catholic priest and mathematician Georges Lemaitre developed the Big Bang theory.
And in the late 20s of the last century, the American astronomer Edwin Hubble really saw that galaxies are moving away from us.
In a word, Einstein and the Big Bang are inseparable from each other. At least that’s how it’s supposed to be. But it turns out that Einstein was thinking about an alternative.
At least once, for some reason, I doubted my own ideas about the Universe. And he tried to “invent” something fundamentally different.
His manuscript, dated 1931, testifies to the “throwing” of the genius.
The essence of the idea presented in it is as follows: the Universe has no beginning, no end. It does not expand anywhere – just matter is constantly multiplying.
And every moment, new elementary particles spontaneously arise, from which stars and galaxies are then formed. The density of the Universe remains constant, because it – the Universe – is infinite in space and time.
Only after the collapse of the country – quite recently by cosmic standards – the theory of the Big Bang prevailed. But the critics remained. Until now, they assure that the Universe is not expanding – it just seems so.
And mockingly ask: “What was before the Big Bang?”. Even Einstein did not have an answer to the tricky question.
Although, under pressure from his colleagues, he ultimately abandoned the idea of a stationary universe.
In 1951, the Big Bang was recognized by the Vatican. The then Pope Pius XII stated that this theory does not contradict the Catholic ideas about the creation of the world.
The difference between them is small. Scientists believe that the singularity arose on its own, believers believe that it was sent down by the Lord God.
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