(ORDO NEWS) — Surely you have heard the phrase “cognitive abilities” or “cognitive skills”. But what does it mean and what specific skills or abilities can be classified as cognitive?
Cognitive skills, the author argues, are mental abilities related to how the brain processes information about the world around it.
In other words, this is what a person perceives with the help of the senses, as well as his reasoning and thoughts.
There are several types and subtypes of cognitive skills.
1- Attention. It can be stable, focused, selective, switching, distributed or limited. All these are different types of human abilities.
2- Memory. It is divided into short-term, long-term and sensory (thanks to her, we remember sensations).
3- Logic and Thinking. In other words, cognitive skills include the ability to think logically about different phenomena. Hence – abstract, critical, ethical thinking (depending on the types of these phenomena).
4- Visual and Auditory Memory. Thanks to this cognitive skill, we can use sight and hearing to receive some information, decipher it and extract the necessary data.
5- Language Data Processing. In other words, it is the ability to understand what is said or written by the interlocutor. At the same time, studies show that if the native language was not acquired in childhood and at an early age, then later it will be difficult to do so. But with a second language, everything is somewhat different: children learn it through imitation and perception, adults through life experience and problem-solving skills.
6- Information processing speed. That is, this is the time that a person needs to complete an intellectual task.
7- Thinking. This includes the ability to think about thinking (metacognition). This ability helps you learn better.
8- Inhibition of responses and regulation of emotions. The first is the ability to restrain the “automatic” reaction to any phenomenon. The second allows a person to control their emotions.
In addition to cognitive skills, there are also non-cognitive skills. These include motivation, teamwork, self-discipline, organization, the ability to set goals, social awareness, etc.
In general, these are skills that are associated with motivation, interaction with other people, decency.
In general, without cognitive skills, a person could hardly survive. They are the basis of life. Is it possible to imagine life without the ability to remember something or without the ability to pay attention to two objects at the same time?
Such skills begin to form in childhood, when the brain is more flexible: therefore, the child learns everything much faster than an adult.
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