(ORDO NEWS) — The Perm Polytechnic University has proposed a new technology for the creation of stainless steel. It will increase the strength of the metal and preserve its important mechanical characteristics. The results of the study are already being implemented at the enterprises of the aerospace industry.
The results of the work were published in the journal Metals. To obtain industrial products, additive technologies are often used, which are based on the synthesis of various materials. High demands are placed on their quality today.
“In mechanical engineering, energy, oil, chemical and food industries, a special type of stainless steel is used – austenitic steel. Its unique properties are provided by the crystal structure, which is formed by the addition of nickel, manganese and nitrogen. We have proposed a method that will make industrial products from this material more durable than traditional methods.
To do this, we used plasma surfacing using a consumable electrode, additionally processing the layers of material by cold forging,” says one of the developers, professor at the Department of Welding, Metrology and Materials Technology of the Perm Polytechnic University, leading researcher at the Center for Additive Technologies of the Center for Collective Use, Doctor of Technical Sciences , Associate Professor Tatyana Olshanskaya
According to the scientists, the hybrid process combines consumable-electrode arc welding and plasma welding.
The new method will provide a higher precision in the manufacture of products, the necessary structure and properties. The use of two heat sources will help to regulate the flow of heat into the product, increase productivity and ensure high quality of the product.
“The structure of materials created using additive technologies may contain defects. This negatively affects the strength of the finished product, its resistance to corrosion and wear.
To improve the mechanical characteristics, we used cold forging, with which we strengthened each layer of the deposited material.
We implemented this process on a single platform using a numerically controlled machine ,” explains the project leader, professor at the Department of Welding Production, Metrology and Technology of Materials of the Perm Polytechnic University.
The researchers compared specimens obtained by surfacing with and without cold forging. In both cases, their characteristics exceeded those of materials obtained by traditional technologies.
The use of cold forging made it possible to increase the strength of steel, while maintaining its plastic characteristics at a high level. This was achieved due to the fact that the microstructure has become more uniform, scientists say. The results of the study are being implemented at the enterprises of the aerospace industry.
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