Perm Polytechnic University has figured out how to reduce carbon monoxide emissions in the oil and gas industry
(ORDO NEWS) — During the operation of gas turbine units, which are used in the oil and gas industry, carbon monoxide can be released. Researchers from the Perm Polytechnic University have proposed a new way to control plants that can reduce emissions of this substance, increase the life of equipment and the efficiency of its operation.
Unlike analogues, the development involves heating the fuel gas with measurements of the emission of harmful substances. At the same time, the consumption and design characteristics of the combustion chamber do not change.
The scientists published the results of the study in the journal Problemele energetical regionale (Problems of the Regional Energetics).
“The main cause of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon emissions is the low efficiency of fuel combustion in gas turbine engines. The efficiency of the installation depends on these characteristics. The problem is especially relevant in the winter season.
Now, to increase the completeness of combustion, methods are used based on changing the temperature or the amount of air that is fed into the combustible mixture.
But they can lead to undesirable consequences, for example, to a decrease in the efficiency of a gas turbine plant and a decrease in the resource of its “hot part”,” says Oleg Matyunin, one of the developers, senior lecturer at the Department of Rocket and Space Technology and Power Systems at the Perm Polytechnic University.
Heating the air, as done before, requires large heat exchangers . They are not always easy to use. The scientists proposed to raise the temperature of the fuel gas before it enters the combustion chamber. Due to the low consumption of fuel gas, it will be possible to use a smaller heat exchanger.
The developers conducted experiments in the combustion laboratory of the Rocket and Space Technology and Energy Systems Department of the Perm Polytechnic University. They conducted tests without heating the fuel and increasing the temperature to the maximum possible value for the equipment, and then compared the results.
“We were able to establish that external heating of the fuel gas affects carbon monoxide emissions, while the gas-dynamic characteristics of combustion remain practically unchanged.
In this case, a combustion chamber simplified in design can be used,” explains Nikolai Bachev, Associate Professor of the Department of Rocket and Space Technology and Energy Systems of the Perm Polytechnic University, Candidate of Technical Sciences.
According to scientists, the development will be useful for implementation in the oil and gas industry. A new way to control gas turbine plants is suitable for ground systems of open, closed and combined types. Now the researchers are looking for funding for the project.
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